An orthographic globe maps city populations with red circles that scale by square-root radius, using a high-resolution world boundary when idle and low-resolution during drag. Users rotate the globe via D3 drag and zoom with D3 zoom, while d3-tip tooltips display formatted population values on hover. The visualization loads TopoJSON country polygons from the world-atlas package and CSV data, projecting points with d3.geoPath and caching projected coordinates to filter out back-side cities.