A scatter plot displays the population of the top 21 populous countries, with each circle positioned along a linear population axis and a categorical country axis. The chart uses d3.csv to load the data, d3.scaleLinear for the x-scale, d3.scalePoint for the y-scale, and d3.axisBottom and d3.axisLeft to render the axes. SVG circles are appended with a fixed radius, and a formatted tick label converts large numbers to billions using d3.format. The chart includes a title and axis label, with gridlines drawn via tick sizes.