This bubble chart visualizes the correlation between GDP per capita, population, and life expectancy across ten countries using D3 v7’s `d3.csv`, `d3.scaleLinear`, and `d3.scaleOrdinal` APIs. Bubbles are positioned by GDP (x-axis) and life expectancy (y-axis), with radius encoding population and color assigned per country. Animated SVG circles support interactive tooltips on mouseover and mouseleave events, revealing detailed numeric values for each nation. The visualization reads from the included `countries.csv` dataset and renders entirely in the browser via SVG.