Choropleth maps with interactive zoom and pan are rendered using SVG shapes, colored in pink and highlighted in red on hover. Built with D3.js and the d3-geo-projection library, the map uses a Bonne projection and displays country names from the World Atlas 50m TSV and GeoJSON datasets. The code constructs map paths with `geoPath`, applies a zoom interaction via `zoom().on('zoom')`, and enables rotation through the projection, though the animation itself is not demonstrated.