A horizontal bar chart displays the ten most populous countries, with population values loaded from a CSV file and scaled linearly. The chart uses D3 v5 APIs including `scaleLinear`, `scaleBand`, `axisLeft`, and `axisBottom`, rendering SVG rectangles. Grid lines extend from the x-axis ticks, and tick labels format numbers using `format(".3s")` to abbreviate billions. The y-axis removes domain lines and ticks, while the chart includes a title and labeled population axis.