A refactored bar chart displays the top ten countries by 2020 population from a United Nations dataset, using horizontal bars to compare values. The React application loads the CSV with d3.csv and renders an SVG, splitting visualization into reusable components for axes and marks. D3 scales—scaleBand for the categorical y-axis and scaleLinear for the quantitative x-axis—position the bars, while axis components generate ticks and labels. The code separates data fetching, rendering, and layout concerns, demonstrating a modular approach to building interactive charts with React and D3 v6.