A line chart displays population changes over time from a CSV dataset. The visualization uses d3.csv to load the data, then renders an SVG path via d3.line, with d3.scaleTime and d3.scaleLinear mapping years and population values. Axes are generated using d3.axisBottom and d3.axisLeft, and the chart includes labeled axes and a title. The line is styled with a red stroke, and the population values are parsed as numbers while years are converted to Date objects for time scaling.