A horizontal bar chart visualizes UN population estimates for 2020, with each country’s bar length proportional to its population. The React app loads CSV data via D3’s `csv` utility, then uses D3’s `scaleBand` and `scaleLinear` to map countries and population values to SVG `rect` coordinates. The chart renders directly in SVG, with bars positioned by country name along the y-axis and population magnitude along the x-axis.