This area chart visualizes Afghanistan's GDP per capita during the COVID-19 pandemic, with dates on the x-axis and economic output on the y-axis. The chart uses D3 v5’s `scaleTime`, `scaleLinear`, `axisBottom`, and `axisLeft` to construct the axes, while `line` and `area` generators with `curveBasis` draw the smoothed time-series trend. The SVG rendering is driven by a React framework, and data is loaded from a remote CSV containing global pandemic economic indicators.