A horizontal bar chart displays population values for five countries from a CSV file, using D3 v6's `select`, `csv`, `scaleLinear`, `scaleBand`, `axisLeft`, and `axisBottom`. Steelblue rectangles encode each country's population, with x-axis tick labels formatted via `format('s')`. The chart includes a manually positioned "population" label and removes default axis lines and ticks. Data is loaded asynchronously and converted to numbers before rendering into SVG.