A horizontal bar chart displays the population of five countries, using steel-blue rectangles to encode values from a CSV file. The visualization uses D3 v5’s `scaleLinear` for the x-axis, `scaleBand` for the categorical y-axis, and `axisLeft` and `axisBottom` to render ticks. Data is loaded via `csv`, with population numbers converted from thousands, and the SVG is appended to a 960x500 viewport.