A bar chart displays population estimates for eleven countries, including China, India, and the United States, using horizontal bars ordered by country name. The chart uses D3 v5 with SVG rendering, loading data from a local CSV file. It employs `d3.scaleLinear` for the x-axis population scale, `d3.scaleBand` for the categorical y-axis, and `d3.axisLeft` and `d3.axisBottom` to generate the axes. Bars are appended as SVG rectangles with heights determined by the band scale’s bandwidth.