This example shows a horizontal bar chart of country populations, using a CSV file loaded from `data.csv` with the `d3.csv` method. It renders SVG bars with lengths scaled linearly by population and countries positioned on a band scale. The code explicitly constructs axes with `axisLeft` and `axisBottom`, and applies margins and scales from `d3.scaleLinear` and `d3.scaleBand`. Population values are converted to numbers after loading.