This bar chart visualizes country populations using horizontal bars, with color encoding to highlight population ranges—from dark red for values above 2000 to light beige for the smallest. The chart is rendered as SVG using D3 v6, with scales from `d3.scaleLinear` and `d3.scaleBand`. Interactive tooltips appear on mouseover via a D3 text element, and data is loaded from a CSV file. Axes are generated using `d3.axisLeft` and `d3.axisBottom`.