Fruit bowls animate the enter, update, and exit phases of D3's general update pattern. Apples and lemons enter by growing from zero radius, update positions with a subtle bounce, and exit by shrinking toward the bowl's corner. The code uses `selection.data`, `selection.enter`, `selection.exit`, and `transition` to handle state changes triggered by `setTimeout`. D3 scales `scaleOrdinal` map fruit types to colors and radii, while SVG groups and circles render the animation.