A bar chart displays population figures for ten countries, ordered by country name, with horizontal bars whose lengths encode population values. The chart uses D3.js version 7, loading data from a CSV file and rendering to SVG. The code employs `d3.scaleLinear` for the x-axis, `d3.scaleBand` for the y-axis, and `d3.axisLeft` and `d3.axisBottom` to draw axes. Bars are appended as `rect` elements, and population values are multiplied by 1000 during data preprocessing.