An area chart displays India’s population over time, with the year on the x-axis and population values on the y-axis. The code loads a CSV file via `d3.csv`, converts the data to numbers, and uses `d3.scaleLinear` for both scales. An area path is generated with `d3.area` and appended to an SVG, while `d3.axisBottom` and `d3.axisLeft` create labeled axes. The chart renders in an SVG container using D3 v7.