A scatter plot displays the relationship between fertility rate and urban population for 50 countries, with each circle representing a nation. The chart uses D3.js to create a linear x-scale for fertility rate and a reversed linear y-scale for urban population percentage. Grid lines extend from both axes, and axis labels clarify the variables. Data comes from a CSV file parsed with `d3.csv`, while the visualization is rendered as an SVG with circles styled in semi-transparent purple.