This example demonstrates the basic process of creating a bar chart with D3. It shows population values for several countries as horizontal bars, using an SVG canvas. The code loads data from a CSV file and scales the bar widths with `d3.scaleLinear`, while `d3.scaleBand` is intended for the y-axis positioning. It relies on D3 v5’s `select`, `csv`, and `max` functions to bind data to SVG `<rect>` elements.