This bar chart displays population counts for North African countries using horizontal bars. The chart loads data from a CSV file, cleans the population values by removing spaces and multiplying by 1000, then renders SVG rectangles. It uses d3.csv for data loading, d3.scaleLinear for the x-axis population scale, and d3.scaleBand for the categorical y-axis positioning of countries. The bar widths correspond to population values, with each bar’s height set by the band scale’s bandwidth.