A horizontal bar chart displays population counts for ten countries, with bars sorted by value from largest to smallest. The visualization uses D3 v5’s `scaleLinear` for the x-axis, `scaleBand` for categorical y-axis spacing, and `axisLeft`/`axisBottom` for tick marks. Data loads from a CSV file via `d3.csv`, with population values multiplied by 1000. SVG rendering positions rectangles with attributes set from the scales.