A horizontal bar chart renders population counts from a local CSV file, with countries labeled on the y-axis and bar lengths scaled to population values. The visualization uses D3 v5 and SVG, loading data via `d3.csv` and mapping values with `scaleLinear` and `scaleBand`. Bars are appended as `rect` elements whose widths and heights are computed from the scale domains, creating a simple, direct representation of the dataset.