This bubble chart visualizes the relationship between horsepower, torque, and highway fuel efficiency across 31 car makes. Each circle’s x-position represents horsepower, y-position represents torque, and its radius encodes highway MPG values. The visualization uses D3 v7 to create SVG elements, employing `d3.scaleLinear` for axes, `d3.scaleSqrt` for bubble sizing, and `d3.schemeTableau10` extended with additional palettes for color encoding. Data is sourced from a CSV file containing make, horsepower, torque, and highway_mpg statistics.