This area chart visualizes global population growth over time, with a maroon filled curve set against a clean SVG backdrop. Using D3 v5, the code loads CSV data from VizHub, maps years to a time scale and population values to a linear scale, then applies `d3.area()` with `curveBasis` for smoothing. Axes are generated via `axisBottom` and `axisLeft`, with population labels formatted as billions (e.g., “7.0B”). The chart also includes custom tick styling, a rotated y-axis label, and a title from the provided dataset.