A horizontal bar chart displays the population of ten countries, with bars scaled linearly from zero to the maximum value and countries ordered alphabetically along the vertical axis. The visualization uses D3 v5’s `scaleLinear`, `scaleBand`, `axisLeft`, and `axisBottom` APIs to render SVG rectangles and axes. Population data from a CSV file is multiplied by 1,000, and the x-axis labels use the `format('.3s')` tick formatter to abbreviate large numbers.