A horizontal bar chart displays population estimates for ten countries from a CSV file, with bars scaled linearly by population and countries sorted alphabetically along the y-axis. The visualization uses D3 v5’s `scaleLinear`, `scaleBand`, `axisLeft`, and `axisBottom` to render an SVG, loading data via `d3.csv` and converting population values to thousands. The chart includes margins, axes, and padded bars, with styling applied through an external stylesheet.