This D3 v7 line chart displays U.S. state population trends from 1990 to 2023, plotting each state’s name on the x-axis and population count on the y-axis. The SVG rendering uses `d3.csv` to load the sample data, `d3.scaleBand` for the categorical axis, and `d3.scaleLinear` for the numeric axis. A single polyline, drawn with `d3.line` and appended as an SVG path, connects the data points, showing population changes over time across all states.