A horizontal bar chart displays the population of the top 30 countries in 2020, with steelblue bars labeled with their values. Using d3.v7, the code loads CSV data via `d3.csv`, sorts it, and renders SVG with `d3.scaleLinear` for the x-axis and `d3.scaleBand` for the y-axis. Axes are drawn with `d3.axisBottom` and `d3.axisLeft`, while custom Mark components append rectangles and text labels, formatting numbers with `d3.format`.