This example uses D3 v5 to render a horizontal bar chart of population data from a CSV file. The SVG canvas displays each country as a bar, with bar width proportional to population using a linear scale and bar position determined by a band scale. Data is loaded via D3’s `csv` function, and the chart is drawn by appending `rect` elements to the SVG. The code uses `scaleLinear`, `scaleBand`, and `max` from D3 to map values.